MRI Abdomen is a magnetic resonance imaging study focused on the organs and blood vessels in the abdominal cavity. It uses a strong magnetic field and radiofrequency pulses to create detailed cross-sectional images without ionizing radiation. It is commonly used in hospitals and outpatient imaging centers to evaluate liver, bile ducts, pancreas, bowel, and abdominal masses. It is often selected when clinicians need high soft-tissue contrast or targeted evaluation of hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease.

CT Abdomen is a computed tomography scan focused on the abdominal region. It uses X-rays and computer processing to create detailed cross-sectional images. It is commonly used in emergency, inpatient, and outpatient diagnostic workups. In gastroenterology, it helps evaluate organs involved in digestion and metabolism.

Abdominal Ultrasound is an imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of organs inside the abdomen. It is commonly used to evaluate the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and major blood vessels. It is widely available in outpatient clinics, emergency departments, and hospital wards. It helps clinicians assess symptoms without using ionizing radiation.

A Barium Enema is an imaging test that outlines the large intestine (colon and rectum) on X-ray. It uses a contrast material called barium sulfate placed into the rectum to make the bowel visible. It is commonly performed in radiology using fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray imaging). It is used to evaluate structural causes of lower gastrointestinal symptoms and abnormal findings.

Barium Swallow is an imaging test that evaluates how swallowed material moves through the throat and esophagus. It uses a contrast liquid called barium and real-time X‑ray imaging (fluoroscopy) to outline the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is commonly used to assess swallowing symptoms and esophageal anatomy. It is performed in radiology and often complements endoscopy in GI practice.

pH Monitoring is a diagnostic test that measures acidity over time in parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is most commonly used to evaluate acid reflux in the esophagus. It helps clinicians connect symptoms to episodes of acid exposure. It is used in gastroenterology and GI surgery planning, especially around gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Esophageal Manometry is a test that measures pressure and muscle contractions inside the esophagus. It evaluates how well the esophagus moves swallowed material toward the stomach. It also assesses how the esophageal sphincters open and close during swallowing. It is commonly used in gastroenterology and foregut surgery workups for swallowing symptoms and reflux-related questions.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection is an advanced endoscopic technique used to remove abnormal tissue from the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is most often used to treat selected early cancers and pre-cancerous lesions without open surgery. The goal is to remove a lesion in one piece while preserving the rest of the organ. It is commonly performed in the esophagus, stomach, and colon/rectum in specialized centers.

Mucosal Resection is a technique used to remove abnormal tissue from the inner lining (mucosa) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is most commonly performed during endoscopy, where a camera and instruments pass through the mouth or rectum. It is used to diagnose and treat selected superficial (early) precancerous and cancerous lesions and certain large polyps. The removed tissue is sent to pathology to determine what it is and how completely it was removed.

Polypectomy is the removal of a polyp from the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A polyp is a visible growth that projects into the hollow (“luminal”) space of the gut. Polypectomy is most commonly performed during colonoscopy, but it can also be done in the upper GI tract. It is used for both diagnosis (tissue assessment) and treatment (removing potentially harmful lesions).